§1235 — Sale or exchange of patents

73 cases·26 followed·19 distinguished·1 questioned·2 criticized·25 cited36% support

(a)General

A transfer (other than by gift, inheritance, or devise) of property consisting of all substantial rights to a patent, or an undivided interest therein which includes a part of all such rights, by any holder shall be considered the sale or exchange of a capital asset held for more than 1 year, regardless of whether or not payments in consideration of such transfer are—

(1)

payable periodically over a period generally coterminous with the transferee’s use of the patent, or

(2)

contingent on the productivity, use, or disposition of the property transferred.

(b)“Holder” defined

For purposes of this section, the term “holder” means—

(1)

any individual whose efforts created such property, or

(2)

any other individual who has acquired his interest in such property in exchange for consideration in money or money’s worth paid to such creator prior to actual reduction to practice of the invention covered by the patent, if such individual is neither—

(A)

the employer of such creator, nor

(B)

related to such creator (within the meaning of subsection (c)).

(c)Related persons

Subsection (a) shall not apply to any transfer, directly or indirectly, between persons specified within any one of the paragraphs of section 267(b) or persons described in section 707(b); except that, in applying section 267(b) and (c) and section 707(b) for purposes of this section—

(1)

the phrase “25 percent or more” shall be substituted for the phrase “more than 50 percent” each place it appears in section 267(b) or 707(b), and

(2)

paragraph (4) of section 267(c) shall be treated as providing that the family of an individual shall include only his spouse, ancestors, and lineal descendants.

(d)Cross reference

For special rule relating to nonresident aliens, see section 871(a).

  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1 Sale or exchange of patents
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(a) General rule.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(b) Scope of section 1235.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(c) Special rules—(1) Payments for infringement.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(d) Payor's treatment of payments in a transfer under section 1235.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(e) Effective date.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-1(f) Nonresident aliens.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2 Definition of terms
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(a) Patent.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(b) All substantial rights to a patent.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(c) Undivided interest.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(d) Holder.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(e) Actual reduction to practice.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(f) Related person.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1235-2(i) Whose efforts created the patent property and who would qualify as the original and first inventor, or joint inventor, within the meaning of title 35 U.

73 Citing Cases

-32- [*32] However, section 1235(a) does not apply if the transferee is a related person.

The question we must decide is whetherpetitioner transferred "all substantial rights" to the relevant technology, such that the royalties he received are eligible for capital gain treatment under section 1235.¹ Finding as we do that petitioner retained valuable rights in the technologythat was the subject ofthe transfer, we sustain respondent's determination that section 1235 does not apply and that the royalties constituted ordinary income.

1235(a); see also Juda v. Commissioner, 90 T.C. 1263, 1281 (1988), aff'd, 877 F.2d 1075 (1st Cir. 1989). For purposes ofsection 1235, the term "all substantial rights"29 means "all rights * * * which are ofvalue at the time the rights * * * are transferred." Sec. 1.1235-2(b)(1), Income Tax Regs.3° The retention ofthe right to terminate the transfer at will is the retention ofa substantial right under section 1235.3' Sec. 1.1235-2(b)(4), Income Tax Regs. 28Generally, an assignment is a transfer o

Cooper v. Commissioner 143 T.C. 194 · 2014

After concessions, the issues for decision are: (1) whether royalties petitioner James Cooper received during 2006, 2007, and 2008 qualified for capital gain treatment pursuant to section 1235; (2) whether petitioners may deduct professional fees paid during 2006 that were attributable to expenses charged by Holmes Development for work performed with respect to U.S.

Cascade Designs, Inc., Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2000-58 · 2000

(2) Whether the Leas may report the payments as capital gain income under section 1235.1 Respondent's position on this issue 1Unless otherwise indicated, all section references are to the Internal Revenue Code in effect for the years in issue, and all Rule references are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.

James M. & Jane I. Lea, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2000-58 · 2000

(2) Whether the Leas may report the payments as capital gain income under section 1235.1 Respondent's position on this issue 1Unless otherwise indicated, all section references are to the Internal Revenue Code in effect for the years in issue, and all Rule references are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.

Michael P. & Christine Stock, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2009-191 · 2009

For purposes - 26 - of section 1235, the term "all substantial rights" means "all rights * * * which are of value at the time the rights * * * are transferred ." Sec .

Nathaniel H. & Carol A. Garfield, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2006-267 · 2006

OPINION Petitioners contend that, pursuant to section 1235, income reported by petitioners in the amounts of $247,977, $224,962, and $339,560 relating to 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively, qualifies .

; Schank v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2015-235, at *16. II. Classification ofIncome We must decide whether any ofthe payments under the 2006 addendum were in exchange for Pipeline IP or were owed to Mr. Meggs under his broker agreement. We start with section 1235. A. Section 1235 Section 1235(a) provides that the "transfer * * * ofproperty consisting ofall substantial rights to a patent * * * by any holder shall be considered the sale or exchange ofa capital asset held for more than 1 year". This

Barry Lee Farris, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2010-222 · 2010

payments he received from -Cardinal. Health constitute long-t;erm capital gain, not" ordinary income Generally, income a patent holder receives from the transfer of substantiallys all rights to a patent .shall be treated as long- term capital gain.« Sec. 1235 (a) . The parties agree that petitioner transferred all of, his rights in the needleless syringe patents to Cardinal Health and that any income -petitioner received for the transfer of the patents constitutes -long-term capital gain. The pa

Michael R. & Kathryn A. Newcome, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2009-191 · 2009

For purposes - 26 - of section 1235, the term "all substantial rights" means "all rights * * * which are of value at the time the rights * * * are transferred ." Sec .

Michael & Lynn Slaboch Olson, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2009-191 · 2009

For purposes - 26 - of section 1235, the term "all substantial rights" means "all rights * * * which are of value at the time the rights * * * are transferred ." Sec .

Joseph M. & Victoria A. Freda, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2009-191 · 2009

For purposes - 26 - of section 1235, the term "all substantial rights" means "all rights * * * which are of value at the time the rights * * * are transferred ." Sec .

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Estate of Klein v. Commissioner 61 T.C. 332 · 1973
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McClain v. Commissioner 40 T.C. 841 · 1963
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