§1504 — Definitions

64 cases·9 followed·3 distinguished·1 questioned·51 cited14% support

(a)Affiliated group defined

For purposes of this subtitle—

(1)In general

The term “affiliated group” means—

(A)

1 or more chains of includible corporations connected through stock ownership with a common parent corporation which is an includible corporation, but only if—

(B)
(i)

the common parent owns directly stock meeting the requirements of paragraph (2) in at least 1 of the other includible corporations, and

(ii)

stock meeting the requirements of paragraph (2) in each of the includible corporations (except the common parent) is owned directly by 1 or more of the other includible corporations.

(2)80-percent voting and value test

The ownership of stock of any corporation meets the requirements of this paragraph if it—

(A)

possesses at least 80 percent of the total voting power of the stock of such corporation, and

(B)

has a value equal to at least 80 percent of the total value of the stock of such corporation.

(3)5 years must elapse before reconsolidation
(A)In general

If—

(i)

a corporation is included (or required to be included) in a consolidated return filed by an affiliated group, and

(ii)

such corporation ceases to be a member of such group,

with respect to periods after such cessation, such corporation (and any successor of such corporation) may not be included in any consolidated return filed by the affiliated group (or by another affiliated group with the same common parent or a successor of such common parent) before the 61st month beginning after its first taxable year in which it ceased to be a member of such affiliated group.

(B)Secretary may waive application of subparagraph (A)

The Secretary may waive the application of subparagraph (A) to any corporation for any period subject to such conditions as the Secretary may prescribe.

(4)Stock not to include certain preferred stock

For purposes of this subsection, the term “stock” does not include any stock which—

(A)

is not entitled to vote,

(B)

is limited and preferred as to dividends and does not participate in corporate growth to any significant extent,

(C)

has redemption and liquidation rights which do not exceed the issue price of such stock (except for a reasonable redemption or liquidation premium), and

(D)

is not convertible into another class of stock.

(5)Regulations

The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subsection, including (but not limited to) regulations—

(A)

which treat warrants, obligations convertible into stock, and other similar interests as stock, and stock as not stock,

(B)

which treat options to acquire or sell stock as having been exercised,

(C)

which provide that the requirements of paragraph (2)(B) shall be treated as met if the affiliated group, in reliance on a good faith determination of value, treated such requirements as met,

(D)

which disregard an inadvertent ceasing to meet the requirements of paragraph (2)(B) by reason of changes in relative values of different classes of stock,

(E)

which provide that transfers of stock within the group shall not be taken into account in determining whether a corporation ceases to be a member of an affiliated group, and

(F)

which disregard changes in voting power to the extent such changes are disproportionate to related changes in value.

(b)Definition of “includible corporation”

As used in this chapter, the term “includible corporation” means any corporation except—

(1)

Corporations exempt from taxation under section 501.

(2)

Insurance companies subject to taxation under section 801.

(3)

Foreign corporations.

(4)

Regulated investment companies and real estate investment trusts subject to tax under subchapter M of chapter 1.

(5)

A DISC (as defined in section 992(a)(1)).

(6)

An S corporation.

(c)Includible insurance companies

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (2) of subsection (b)—

(1)

Two or more domestic insurance companies each of which is subject to tax under section 801 shall be treated as includible corporations for purposes of applying subsection (a) to such insurance companies alone.

(2)
(A)

If an affiliated group (determined without regard to subsection (b)(2)) includes one or more domestic insurance companies taxed under section 801, the common parent of such group may elect (pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary) to treat all such companies as includible corporations for purposes of applying subsection (a) except that no such company shall be so treated until it has been a member of the affiliated group for the 5 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the consolidated return is filed.

(B)

If an election under this paragraph is in effect for a taxable year—

(i)

section 243(b)(3) and the exception provided under section 243(b)(2) with respect to subsections (b)(2) and (c) of this section,

(ii)

section 542(b)(5), and

(iii)

subsection (a)(4) and (b)(2)(D) of section 1563, and the reference to section 1563(b)(2)(D) contained in section 1563(b)(3)(C),

shall not be effective for such taxable year.

(d)Subsidiary formed to comply with foreign law

In the case of a domestic corporation owning or controlling, directly or indirectly, 100 percent of the capital stock (exclusive of directors’ qualifying shares) of a corporation organized under the laws of a contiguous foreign country and maintained solely for the purpose of complying with the laws of such country as to title and operation of property, such foreign corporation may, at the option of the domestic corporation, be treated for the purpose of this subtitle as a domestic corporation.

(e)Includible tax-exempt organizations

Despite the provisions of paragraph (1) of subsection (b), two or more organizations exempt from taxation under section 501, one or more of which is described in section 501(c)(2) and the others of which derive income from such 501(c)(2) organizations, shall be considered as includible corporations for the purpose of the application of subsection (a) to such organizations alone.

(f)Special rule for certain amounts derived from a corporation previously treated as a DISC

In determining the consolidated taxable income of an affiliated group for any taxable year beginning after

December 31, 1984

, a corporation which had been a DISC and which would otherwise be a member of such group shall not be treated as such a member with respect to—

(1)

any distribution (or deemed distribution) of accumulated DISC income which was not treated as previously taxed income under section 805(b)(2)(A) of the Tax Reform Act of 1984, and

(2)

any amount treated as received under section 805(b)(3) of such Act.

  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0 Outline of provisions
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(a) Introduction.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(b) Options not treated as stock or as exercised.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(c) Definitions.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(d) Options.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(e) Elimination of federal income tax liability.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(f) Substantial amount of federal income tax liability.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(g) Reasonable certainty of exercise.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(h) Examples.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(i) Effective date.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(v) Failure to satisfy safe harbor.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-0(x) Contingencies.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-1 Definitions
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3 Treatment of stock in a QOF C corporation for purposes of consolidation
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(a) Scope and definitions—(1) Scope.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(b) QOF stock not stock for purposes of consolidation—(1) In general.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(c) Election under paragraph (b)(2) of this section to consolidate a subsidiary QOF C corporation—(1) In general.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(d) Example.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(e) Applicability dates—(1) In general.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-3(i) §1.1504-3(i)
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-4 Treatment of warrants, options, convertible obligations, and other similar interests
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-4(a) Introduction—(1) General rule.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-4(b) Options not treated as stock or as exercised—(1) General rule.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-4(c) Definitions.
  • Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.1504-4(d) Options—(1) Instruments treated as options.

64 Citing Cases

- 45 - On brief, the parties proceed on the assumption that section 1504(a) applies not only for 1984 but also for 1985 and 1986 and that amended section 1504(a) does not apply for 1985 and 1986.

FOLLOWED Pepsico Puerto Rico, Inc., Petitioner T.C. Memo. 2012-269 · 2012

At all times during the years at issue, PepsiCo was the common parent ofa group ofaffiliated corporations pursuant to section 1504.2 PepsiCo, together with its consolidated affiliates, is a leading global beverage, snack, and food company.

Alumax Inc. v. Commissioner 109 T.C. 133 · 1997

stockholder class voting requirements, the mandatory dividend provision, and the objectionable action provision affected the voting power of the Alumax class C common stock for purposes of section 1504(a), concludes that the “consolidation rules in IRC §1504 and related regulations were intended to ensure that the enterprises that are eligible for consolidatipn are operated as a single ‘business unit’ ” and that this “purpose was not achieved by Amax and Alumax between 1984 and 1986”.

Textron Inc. v. Commissioner 115 T.C. 104 · 2000

While the 1977 stock redemption met the requirements of section 302, AVCO and Paul Revere had elected consolidated treatment, and thus the tax consequences of the stock redemption were determined under section 1504 and sections 1.1502-14(b)(l)(iii) and 1.1502-31(b)(2)(ii), Income Tax Regs.

Kolonaki Imports, Inc., Petitioner T.C. Memo. 1995-546 · 1995

Kolonaki's right to file a consolidated return depends on whether, during the year in issue, Kolonaki "owned directly", within the meaning of section 1504, at least 80 percent of the voting power of all classes of JAI stock.

Georgiou Retail Stores, Petitioner T.C. Memo. 1995-546 · 1995

Kolonaki's right to file a consolidated return depends on whether, during the year in issue, Kolonaki "owned directly", within the meaning of section 1504, at least 80 percent of the voting power of all classes of JAI stock.

Kolonaki's right to file a consolidated return depends on whether, during the year in issue, Kolonaki "owned directly", within the meaning of section 1504, at least 80 percent of the voting power of all classes of JAI stock.

IV 2017). 51 Codified as amended at 44 U.S.C. sec. 1507 (2012). 52 This provision has been described as “requiring filing as a condition precedent to validity”. James H. Ronald, “Publication of Federal Administrative Legislation”, 7 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 52, 75 (1938). 81 is generally “sufficient” to give notice of its contents to an

finalized or signed by D&T. In the draft opinion, D&T reached the following conclusions: A. Deconsolidation. The sale ofthe Class B Voting Preferred Stock to Consultant [CS] should cause QHMC to break affiliation with Parent on the date ofsale under section 1504. 4°Wannell testified that it was not certain when he purchased his stock in 1997 that he would exercise his redemption rights at the first opportunity. We do not find this testimony to be credible, and we decline to rely upon it. - 96 -

nalized or signed by D&T. In the draft opinion, D&T reached the following conclusions: A. Deconsolidation. The sale of the Class B Voting Preferred Stock to Consultant [CS] should cause QHMC to break affiliation with Parent on the date of sale under section 1504. B. Tax Basis of Transferor’s QHMC Stock. 1. Parent’s [Quanex’s] transfer of cash and the assignment of certain MPB’s to Transferor [QS] constitutes an exchange governed by section 351. Transferor’s transfer of cash to QHMC in exchange f

PSB Holdings, Inc., Petitioner 129 T.C. No. 15 · 2007

at 57, states in relevant part : If one or more financial institutions are members of an affiliated group of corporations (as defined in section 1504 of the Code), then, even if the grou p files a consolidated return, each such institution must make a separate determination of interest expense allocable to tax-exempt interest, rather than a combined determination with the other members of the group .

PSB Holdings, Inc. v. Commissioner 129 T.C. 131 · 2007

at 57, states in relevant part: If one or more financial institutions are members of an affiliated group of corporations (as defined in section 1504 of the Code), then, even if the group files a consolidated return, each such institution must make a separate determination of interest expense allocable to tax-exempt interest, rather than a combined determination with the other members of the group.

1504.12 Amax owned one class of stock, and the Japanese shareholders owned a different class of stock. The four directors elected by Amax had two votes each. The two directors elected by the Japanese shareholders had one vote each. Thus, Amax controlled 80 percent of the directors’ votes. The Japanese shareholders could veto: (1) Mergers; (2)

1504.12 Amax owned one class of stock, and the Japanese shareholders owned a different class of stock. The four directors elected by Amax had two votes each. The two directors elected by the Japanese shareholders had one vote each. Thus, Amax controlled 80 percent of the directors’ votes. The Japanese shareholders could veto: (1) Mergers; (2)

(1999); see also Estate of Schwartz v. Commissioner, 83 T.C. 943, 953 (1984) 9 Sec. 1.1502-1(a) and (b), Income Tax Regs., defines “group” and “member” as follows: (a) Group. The term “group” means an affiliated group of corporations as defined in section 1504. See section 1.1502-75(d) as to when a group remains in existence. (b) Member. The term “member” means a corporation (including the common parent) which is included within such group. - 11 - (canons of statutory construction apply to inte

For 1985 and all relevant prior and subsequent years, GM filed a consolidated Federal income tax return, Form 1120, on a calendar year basis on behalf of GM and its consolidated affiliated subsidiaries within the meaning of section 1504.

United States and abroad. For 1985 and all relevant prior and subsequent years, GM filed a consolidated Federal income tax return, Form 1120, on a calendar year basis on behalf of GM and its consolidated affiliated subsidiaries within the meaning of section 1504. In 1985 and all relevant prior and subsequent years, General Motors Acceptance Corp. (GMAC), a wholly owned subsidiary of GM, was part of the GM group. GM and GMAC both maintain their books and records, and report their income for Feder

1552(a) provides that, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary, the earnings and profits of each member of an affiliated group, see sec.

mount would be used if the consolidated regular tax were greater than zero and less than $10,000. 19 Sec. 1552(a) provides that, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary, the earnings and profits of each member of an affiliated group, see sec. 1504, required to be included in a consolidated return for such group filed for a taxable year shall be determined by allocating the tax liability of the group for such year among the members of the group in accordance with one of several method

mount would be used if the consolidated regular tax were greater than zero and less than $10,000. 19 Sec. 1552(a) provides that, pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Secretary, the earnings and profits of each member of an affiliated group, see sec. 1504, required to be included in a consolidated return for such group filed for a taxable year shall be determined by allocating the tax liability of the group for such year among the members of the group in accordance with one of several method

During the tax year ending January 31, 1989, S&B was a member of an affiliated group of corporations, as defined under section 1504, and Thor was the common parent of that affiliated group.

ding June 30, 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1991, HEl owned stock of Waldorf II satisfying the requirements of section 1504(a)(2), and for each of these taxable years HEl and Waldorf II properly joined in the filing of a consolidated income tax return under section 1504. In a writing in lieu of a meeting of the Waldorf II board of directors dated December 18, 1987, the board adopted a resolution to borrow up to $175 million from GECC and pledge or grant a security interest in substantially all of its co

Mason v. Commissioner 68 T.C. 163 · 1977
George Nichols, Iii, in His Capacity as Liquidator of Kentucky Central Life Insurance Company v. United States 260 F.3d 637 · Cir.
Norwest Corp. v. Commissioner 111 T.C. 105 · 1998
DiLeo v. Commissioner 96 T.C. 858 · 1991
Pallottini v. Commissioner 90 T.C. 498 · 1988
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 89 T.C. 1010 · 1987
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 87 T.C. 135 · 1986
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 87 T.C. 324 · 1986
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 87 T.C. 548 · 1986
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 86 T.C. 115 · 1986
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 86 T.C. 937 · 1986
Gulf Oil Corp. v. Commissioner 84 T.C. 447 · 1985
Eli Lilly & Co. v. Commissioner 84 T.C. 996 · 1985
Brutsche v. Commissioner 65 T.C. 1034 · 1976
Opine Timber Co. v. Commissioner 64 T.C. 700 · 1975
Howell v. Commissioner 57 T.C. 546 · 1972
Stinnett v. Commissioner 54 T.C. 221 · 1970
Pollack v. Commissioner 47 T.C. 92 · 1966
Hoffman v. Commissioner 47 T.C. 218 · 1966
Levy v. Commissioner 46 T.C. 531 · 1966
Agustin Valenzuela Gallardo v. William Barr 968 F.3d 1053 · Cir.