§4977 — Tax on certain fringe benefits provided by an employer
Statute Text — 26 U.S.C. §4977
In the case of an employer to whom an election under this section applies for any calendar year, there is hereby imposed a tax for such calendar year equal to 30 percent of the excess fringe benefits.
For purposes of subsection (a), the term “excess fringe benefits” means, with respect to any calendar year—
the aggregate value of the fringe benefits provided by the employer during the calendar year which were not includible in gross income under paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 132(a), over
1 percent of the aggregate amount of compensation—
which was paid by the employer during such calendar year to employees, and
was includible in gross income for purposes of chapter 1.
If—
an election under this section is in effect with respect to an employer for any calendar year, and
at all times on or after
January 1, 1984
, and before the close of the calendar year involved, substantially all of the employees of the employer were entitled to employee discounts on goods or services provided by the employer in 1 line of business,
for purposes of paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 132(a) (but not for purposes of section 132(h)), all employees of any line of business of the employer which was in existence on
January 1, 1984
, shall be treated as employees of the line of business referred to in paragraph (2).
An election under this section shall apply to the calendar year for which made and all subsequent calendar years unless revoked by the employer.
All employees treated as employed by a single employer under subsection (b), (c), or (m) of section 414 shall be treated as employed by a single employer for purposes of this section.
Except as otherwise provided in regulations, this section shall apply only with respect to employment within the United States.
Treasury Regulations
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Treas. Reg. §54.4977-1TQuestions and answers relating to the election concerning lines of business in existence on January 1, 1984
The following questions and answers relate to the election by employers under section 4977 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as added by section 531(e)(1) of the Tax Reform Act of 1984 (98 Stat. 886), to treat all employees of any line of business in existence on January 1, 1984, as employees of one of those lines of business for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2):
Q-1: What does section 4977 provide with respect to the exclusion from gross income of certain fringe benefits?
A-1: In general, section 4977 provides an elective grandfather rule that allows an employer under certain circumstances to treat employees of all lines of business which were in existence on January 1, 1984, as employees of one of those lines of business for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2), but not for purposes of section 132(g)(2).
Q-2: Under what circumstances does the elective grandfather rule of section 4977 apply?
A-2: If:
(a) An election under section 4977 is in effect with respect to an employer for any calendar year, and
(b) On and after January 1, 1984, at least 85 percent of the employees of the employer in all of its lines of business which existed on January 1, 1984, were entitled to employee discounts or services provided by the employer in one line of business,
then all employees of any line of business of the employer which was in existence on January 1, 1984, are treated, for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2) (but not for purposes of section 132(g)(2)) as employees of the one line of business referred to in (b) of this Q/A-2.
Q-3: How does an employer make the election provided for in section 4977?
A-3: An employer must file a statement with the director of the service center with which the employer's tax returns are filed. The statement must indicate that the employer is electing to apply the provisions of section 4977 to one or more of the employer's lines of business and must contain the following information:
(a) The employer's name, address, and taxpayer identification number;
(b) A description of all of the employer's lines of business in existence on January 1, 1984; and
(c) For each lines of business which is to have as an employee for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2) an individual but for the election under section 4977 would not be treated as an employee for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2):
(1) A description of the no-additional-cost service or qualified employee discount (including, with respect to discounts, the percentage discount) to be offered to employees pursuant to section 4977 in such line of business, and
(2) With respect to employees in all of the employer's lines of business in existence on January 1, 1984, the number of such employees and the number entitled to the described fringe benefit. Such numbers may be determined as of a date which does not precede the date the election is filed by more than 30 days.
Q-4: In order to make a timely section 4977 election, when must an employer file the election statement?
A-4: Except as otherwise provided in the second sentence of this answer, the employer must file the election statement before the end of the calendar year preceding the year for which the election is to apply. For calendar year 1985, however, the employer has until March 31, 1985, to file the election statement. However, the Commissioner may, in his discretion, extend the March 31, 1985 deadline to a later date.
Q-5: Does section 4977 apply to all calendar years following the calendar year in which the election is made?
A-5: Yes, unless the employer revokes the election.
Q-6: When is a revocation effective?
A-6: A revocation is effective with respect to the calendar year following the calendar year in which it is filed.
Q-7: If an employer does not make a timely section 4977 election with respect to 1985, will the employer be entitled to make an election with respect to any subsequent year?
A-7: No.
Q-8: If an employer revokes a section 4977 election, is the employer entitled to elect the application of section 4977 for subsequent years?
A-8: No.
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Treas. Reg. §54.4977-1T(a)§54.4977-1T(a)
The employer's name, address, and taxpayer identification number;
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Treas. Reg. §54.4977-1T(b)§54.4977-1T(b)
A description of all of the employer's lines of business in existence on January 1, 1984; and
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Treas. Reg. §54.4977-1T(c)§54.4977-1T(c)
For each lines of business which is to have as an employee for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2) an individual but for the election under section 4977 would not be treated as an employee for purposes of section 132(a) (1) and (2):
(1) A description of the no-additional-cost service or qualified employee discount (including, with respect to discounts, the percentage discount) to be offered to employees pursuant to section 4977 in such line of business, and
(2) With respect to employees in all of the employer's lines of business in existence on January 1, 1984, the number of such employees and the number entitled to the described fringe benefit. Such numbers may be determined as of a date which does not precede the date the election is filed by more than 30 days.
Q-4: In order to make a timely section 4977 election, when must an employer file the election statement?
A-4: Except as otherwise provided in the second sentence of this answer, the employer must file the election statement before the end of the calendar year preceding the year for which the election is to apply. For calendar year 1985, however, the employer has until March 31, 1985, to file the election statement. However, the Commissioner may, in his discretion, extend the March 31, 1985 deadline to a later date.
Q-5: Does section 4977 apply to all calendar years following the calendar year in which the election is made?
A-5: Yes, unless the employer revokes the election.
Q-6: When is a revocation effective?
A-6: A revocation is effective with respect to the calendar year following the calendar year in which it is filed.
Q-7: If an employer does not make a timely section 4977 election with respect to 1985, will the employer be entitled to make an election with respect to any subsequent year?
A-7: No.
Q-8: If an employer revokes a section 4977 election, is the employer entitled to elect the application of section 4977 for subsequent years?
A-8: No.
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