§6655 — Failure by corporation to pay estimated income tax
19 cases·5 followed·14 cited—26% support
Statute Text — 26 U.S.C. §6655
Except as otherwise provided in this section, in the case of any underpayment of estimated tax by a corporation, there shall be added to the tax under chapter 1 for the taxable year an amount determined by applying—
the underpayment rate established under section 6621,
to the amount of the underpayment,
for the period of the underpayment.
For purposes of subsection (a)—
The amount of the underpayment shall be the excess of—
the required installment, over
the amount (if any) of the installment paid on or before the due date for the installment.
The period of the underpayment shall run from the due date for the installment to whichever of the following dates is the earlier—
the 15th day of the 4th month following the close of the taxable year, or
with respect to any portion of the underpayment, the date on which such portion is paid.
For purposes of paragraph (2)(B), a payment of estimated tax shall be credited against unpaid required installments in the order in which such installments are required to be paid.
For purposes of this section—
There shall be 4 required installments for each taxable year.
| In the case of the following required installments: | The due date is: |
|---|---|
| 1st | April 15 |
| 2nd | June 15 |
| 3rd | September 15 |
| 4th | December 15. |
For purposes of this section—
Except as otherwise provided in this section, the amount of any required installment shall be 25 percent of the required annual payment.
Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the term “required annual payment” means the lesser of—
100 percent of the tax shown on the return for the taxable year (or, if no return is filed, 100 percent of the tax for such year), or
100 percent of the tax shown on the return of the corporation for the preceding taxable year.
Clause (ii) shall not apply if the preceding taxable year was not a taxable year of 12 months, or the corporation did not file a return for such preceding taxable year showing a liability for tax.
Except as provided in subparagraph (B), clause (ii) of paragraph (1)(B) shall not apply in the case of a large corporation.
Subparagraph (A) shall not apply for purposes of determining the amount of the 1st required installment for any taxable year. Any reduction in such 1st installment by reason of the preceding sentence shall be recaptured by increasing the amount of the next required installment determined under paragraph (1) by the amount of such reduction.
In the case of any required installment, if the corporation establishes that the annualized income installment or the adjusted seasonal installment is less than the amount determined under subsection (d)(1) (as modified by paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (d))—
the amount of such required installment shall be the annualized income installment (or, if lesser, the adjusted seasonal installment), and
any reduction in a required installment resulting from the application of this paragraph shall be recaptured by increasing the amount of the next required installment determined under subsection (d)(1) (as so modified) by the amount of such reduction (and by increasing subsequent required installments to the extent that the reduction has not previously been recaptured under this subparagraph).
In the case of any required installment, the annualized income installment is the excess (if any) of—
an amount equal to the applicable percentage of the tax for the taxable year computed by placing on an annualized basis the taxable income, adjusted financial statement income (as defined in section 56A), and modified taxable income—
for the first 3 months of the taxable year, in the case of the 1st required installment,
for the first 3 months of the taxable year, in the case of the 2nd required installment,
for the first 6 months of the taxable year in the case of the 3rd required installment, and
for the first 9 months of the taxable year, in the case of the 4th required installment, over
the aggregate amount of any prior required installments for the taxable year.
For purposes of this paragraph—
The taxable income, adjusted financial statement income (as defined in section 56A), and modified taxable income shall be placed on an annualized basis under regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
| In the case of the following required installments: | The applicable percentage is: |
|---|---|
| 1st | 25 |
| 2nd | 50 |
| 3rd | 75 |
| 4th | 100. |
The term “modified taxable income” has the meaning given such term by section 59A(c)(1).
If the taxpayer makes an election under this clause—
subclause (I) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “2 months” for “3 months”,
subclause (II) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “4 months” for “3 months”,
subclause (III) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “7 months” for “6 months”, and
subclause (IV) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “10 months” for “9 months”.
If the taxpayer makes an election under this clause—
subclause (II) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “5 months” for “3 months”,
subclause (III) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “8 months” for “6 months”, and
subclause (IV) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be applied by substituting “11 months” for “9 months”.
An election under clause (i) or (ii) shall apply to the taxable year for which made and such an election shall be effective only if made on or before the date required for the payment of the first required installment for such taxable year.
In the case of any required installment, the amount of the adjusted seasonal installment is the excess (if any) of—
100 percent of the amount determined under subparagraph (C), over
the aggregate amount of all prior required installments for the taxable year.
This paragraph shall apply only if the base period percentage for any 6 consecutive months of the taxable year equals or exceeds 70 percent.
The amount determined under this subparagraph for any installment shall be determined in the following manner—
take the taxable income for all months during the taxable year preceding the filing month,
divide such amount by the base period percentage for all months during the taxable year preceding the filing month,
determine the tax on the amount determined under clause (ii), and
multiply the tax computed under clause (iii) by the base period percentage for the filing month and all months during the taxable year preceding the filing month.
For purposes of this paragraph—
The base period percentage for any period of months shall be the average percent which the taxable income for the corresponding months in each of the 3 preceding taxable years bears to the taxable income for the 3 preceding taxable years.
The term “filing month” means the month in which the installment is required to be paid.
The Secretary may by regulations provide for the determination of the base period percentage in the case of reorganizations, new corporations, and other similar circumstances.
Any amounts required to be included in gross income under section 951(a) (and credits properly allocable thereto) shall be taken into account in computing any annualized income installment under paragraph (2) in a manner similar to the manner under which partnership income inclusions (and credits properly allocable thereto) are taken into account.
If a taxpayer elects to have this subparagraph apply for any taxable year—
subparagraph (A) shall not apply, and
for purposes of computing any annualized income installment for such taxable year, the taxpayer shall be treated as having received ratably during such taxable year items of income and credit described in subparagraph (A) in an amount equal to 115 percent of the amount of such items shown on the return of the taxpayer for the preceding taxable year (the second preceding taxable year in the case of the first and second required installments for such taxable year).
If a taxpayer making the election under clause (i) is a noncontrolling shareholder of a corporation, clause (i)(II) shall be applied with respect to items of such corporation by substituting “100 percent” for “115 percent”.
For purposes of subclause (I), the term “noncontrolling shareholder” means, with respect to any corporation, a shareholder which (as of the beginning of the taxable year for which the installment is being made) does not own (within the meaning of section 958(a)), and is not treated as owning (within the meaning of section 958(b)), more than 50 percent (by vote or value) of the stock in the corporation.
Any dividend received from a closely held real estate investment trust by any person which owns (after application of subsection (d)(5) of section 856) 10 percent or more (by vote or value) of the stock or beneficial interests in the trust shall be taken into account in computing annualized income installments under paragraph (2) in a manner similar to the manner under which partnership income inclusions are taken into account.
For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term “closely held real estate investment trust” means a real estate investment trust with respect to which 5 or fewer persons own (after application of subsection (d)(5) of section 856) 50 percent or more (by vote or value) of the stock or beneficial interests in the trust.
No addition to tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) for any taxable year if the tax shown on the return for such taxable year (or, if no return is filed, the tax) is less than $500.
For purposes of this section, the term “tax” means the excess of—
the sum of—
the tax imposed by section 11 or subchapter L of chapter 1, whichever applies,
the tax imposed by section 55,
the tax imposed by section 59A, plus
the tax imposed by section 887, over
the credits against tax provided by part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1.
For purposes of the preceding sentence, in the case of a foreign corporation subject to taxation under section 11 or 1201(a), or under subchapter L of chapter 1, the tax imposed by section 881 shall be treated as a tax imposed by section 11.
For purposes of this section, the term “large corporation” means any corporation if such corporation (or any predecessor corporation) had taxable income of $1,000,000 or more for any taxable year during the testing period.
For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term “testing period” means the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year involved.
For purposes of applying subparagraph (A) to any taxable year in the testing period with respect to corporations which are component members of a controlled group of corporations for such taxable year, the $1,000,000 amount specified in subparagraph (A) shall be divided among such members under rules similar to the rules of section 1561.
For purposes of subparagraph (A), taxable income shall be determined without regard to any amount carried to the taxable year under section 172 or 1212(a).
For purposes of this section—
Any organization subject to the tax imposed by section 511, and any private foundation, shall be treated as a corporation subject to tax under section 11.
Any tax imposed by section 511, and any tax imposed by section 1 or 4940 on a private foundation, shall be treated as a tax imposed by section 11.
Any reference to taxable income shall be treated as including a reference to unrelated business taxable income or net investment income (as the case may be).
In the case of any organization described in subparagraph (A), subsection (b)(2)(A) shall be applied by substituting “5th month” for “4th month”, subsection (e)(2)(A) shall be applied by substituting “2 months” for “3 months” in clause (i)(I), the election under clause (i) of subsection (e)(2)(C) may be made separately for each installment, and clause (ii) of subsection (e)(2)(C) shall not apply. In the case of a private foundation, subsection (c)(2) shall be applied by substituting “May 15” for “April 15”.
In the case of an S corporation, for purposes of this section—
The following taxes shall be treated as imposed by section 11:
The tax imposed by section 1374(a).
The tax imposed by section 1375(a).
Any tax for which the S corporation is liable by reason of section 1371(d)(2).
Paragraph (2) of subsection (d) shall not apply.
Clause (ii) of subsection (d)(1)(B) shall be applied as if it read as follows:
the sum of—
the amount determined under clause (i) by only taking into account the taxes referred to in clauses (i) and (iii) of subsection (g)(4)(A), and
100 percent of the tax imposed by section 1375(a) which was shown on the return of the corporation for the preceding taxable year.”
The requirement in the last sentence of subsection (d)(1)(B) that the return for the preceding taxable year show a liability for tax shall not apply.
Subsection (b)(2)(A) shall be applied by substituting “3rd month” for “4th month”.
Any reference in subsection (e) to taxable income shall be treated as including a reference to the net recognized built-in gain or the excess passive income (as the case may be).
If the amount of an adjustment under section 6425 made before the 15th day of the 4th month following the close of the taxable year is excessive, there shall be added to the tax under chapter 1 for the taxable year an amount determined at the underpayment rate established under section 6621 upon the excessive amount from the date on which the credit is allowed or the refund is paid to such 15th day.
For purposes of paragraph (1), the excessive amount is equal to the amount of the adjustment or (if smaller) the amount by which—
the income tax liability (as defined in section 6425(c)) for the taxable year as shown on the return for the taxable year, exceeds
the estimated income tax paid during the taxable year, reduced by the amount of the adjustment.
In applying this section to a taxable year beginning on any date other than January 1, there shall be substituted, for the months specified in this section, the months which correspond thereto.
This section shall be applied to taxable years of less than 12 months in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.
Treasury Regulations
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0 Table of contents
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(a) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(b) Accounting method changes.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(c) Examples.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(d) Effective/applicability date.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(e) Examples.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(f) §1.6655-0(f)
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(g) Use of annualized income or seasonal installment method.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(h) Effective/applicability date.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(i) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(j) Examples.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(k) Effective/applicability date.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-0(v) §1.6655-0(v)
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1 Addition to the tax in the case of a corporation
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(a) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(b) Amount of underpayment.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(c) Period of the underpayment.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(d) Amount of required installment—(1) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(e) Large corporation required to pay 100 percent of current year tax—(1) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(f) Required installment due dates—(1) Number of required installments.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(g) Definitions.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(h) Special rules for consolidated returns For special rules relating to the determination of the amount of the underpayment in the case of a corporation whose income is included in a consolidated return, see § 1.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(i) Overpayments applied to subsequent taxable year's estimated tax—(1) In general.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(j) Examples.
- Treas. Reg. §Treas. Reg. §1.6655-1(k) Effective/applicability date.
19 Citing Cases
- 21 - Section 6655 provides that an amount "shall be added to the tax" when there is failure by a corporation to pay "estimated tax".
he addition to tax under sec. 6651(a)(2) but conceded that adjustment at trial. Counsel for respondent also advised the Court that the notice of deficiency determined an addition to tax under sec. 6654, and that, instead, the determination was under sec. 6655, failure of a corporation to pay estimated income taxes. 2Under sec. 7491(a) (1), with respect to audits commencing after July 22, 1998, the burden of proof shifts to respondent where the taxpayer introduces credible evidence with respect t
titioner petitioned the Court to redetermine respondent's determination of the following additions to its 1989 Federal income tax: A $37,270 addition under section 6651(a)(1), a $42,954 addition under section 6651(a)(2), and a $10,333 addition under section 6655. We decide sua sponte whether we - 2 - have jurisdiction to decide whether petitioner is liable for these additions to tax. We hold we do not. Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code in effect for the year at issue. Rule refe
Mancuso for the accuracy-related penalty - 3 - under section 6662(b)(1) for negligence or disregard of rules and regulations; and (c) GAPS and JJM for additions to tax under section 6655 for failure to pay estimated tax.
The 59 In their Answering Brief, petitioners state their agreement with respondent “that if YA Global is liable for any section 1446 withholding tax, it is also liable for section 6655 additions to tax for failure to pay estimated tax because section 6655 does not excuse imposition of the additions based on reasonable cause and lack of willful neglect.” 99 Schedules K–1 issued to the partnership’s foreign partners did not identify any of the income allocable to them as effectively connected with
section 6655 penalties for failure to pay estimated corporate income tax, and ! section 6662 accuracy-related penalties. The Commissioner asserted some of these against only R&A, and some against only the Ryders; he asserted some only for some years and not others; and some he asserted only in the alternative. And, as is common, some we have to dis
section 6655 penalties for failure to pay estimated corporate income tax, and ! section 6662 accuracy-related penalties. The Commissioner asserted some of these against only R&A, and some against only the Ryders; he asserted some only for some years and not others; and some he asserted only in the alternative. And, as is common, some we have to dis
section 6655 penalties for failure to pay estimated corporate income tax, and ! section 6662 accuracy-related penalties. The Commissioner asserted some of these against only R&A, and some against only the Ryders; he asserted some only for some years and not others; and some he asserted only in the alternative. And, as is common, some we have to dis
section 6655 penalties for failure to pay estimated corporate income tax, and ! section 6662 accuracy-related penalties. The Commissioner asserted some of these against only R&A, and some against only the Ryders; he asserted some only for some years and not others; and some he asserted only in the alternative. And, as is common, some we have to dis
section 6655 penalties for failure to pay estimated corporate income tax, and ! section 6662 accuracy-related penalties. The Commissioner asserted some of these against only R&A, and some against only the Ryders; he asserted some only for some years and not others; and some he asserted only in the alternative. And, as is common, some we have to dis
27479-09 to redetermine respondent's determination ofthe following deficiencies and additions to tax under section 6655: Addition to tax Taxable Year .
27479-09 to redetermine respondent's determination ofthe following deficiencies and additions to tax under section 6655: Addition to tax Taxable Year .
Abatement On May 30, 2005, respondent assessed section 6651 and section 6655 additions to tax against petitioner in the total amount of $21,936 for tax year 2003 .
king), as follows: An income tax deficiency in the amount of $1,324,964, and additions to tax for failure to file under 2 section 6651(a) in the amount of $323,806, for negligence under section 6653(a)(1) and (2) in the amounts of $66,248 and 50 percent of the interest due on $1,295,223, and for failure to pay corporate estimated income tax under section 6655 in the amount of $83,203.